L.O. - 2. Know about chords and chord progression.

Definition of :

• Major - A major chord is constructed by Taking the Root note of the chord (e.g. A) and adding a Major 3rd interval (C#), and a perfect 5th interval (E). We now have a major triad (A C# E).
  This type of chord can often be considered to sound happy, as it is the least dissonant triad.
  
  
  
  
  
  

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• Minor - A minor chord is made from the Root (e.g C), the minor 3rd (Eb), and the perfect 5th (G). This gives us a minor triad.
  This type of chord is usually considered to sound sad or dark, and is often used to illustrate negative emotions or to darken a song that may otherwise sound too happy and bright.
  
  
  

• Dominated - A dominant chord is made by finding the 5th degree of the tonic (the dominant) and constructing a major triad in the usual way.
  Dominant chords often sound like they are leading towards something, and are rarely used as the finishing chord in a song.

• Augmented - An augmented chord is made by constructing a major triad, the replacing the perfect 5th with an augmented 5th.
  Augmented chords do not occur in the standard major scale, but can be found in scales such as the harmonic minor (the mediant in a diatonic harmonic scale is augmented.)

• Diminished - A diminished chord is found by constructing minor chords, but replacing the perfect 5th with a diminished 5th.
  Diminished chords are used occasionally to create tension, but are not advisable to be used often.
  They can be found in the major scale as the leading note.

• 7th-Chords - 7th Chords are made with either major or minor chords, then adding in the scale note one degree lower than the root.
  7th chords have an unresolved, tense feeling, as if they want to move somewhere else, the dominant 7th being the most dissonant.

I am fully confident with intervals now and with scale degrees other than the terms:
Tonic -  Unison
Supertonic - Major 2nd / 2 Semi-tones
Mediant - Major 3rd / 4 Semi-tones
SubDominant - Perfect 4th / 5 Semi-tones
Dominant - Perfect 5th / 7 Semi-tones
SubMediant - Major 6h / 9 Semi-tones
Leading Note - Major 7th / 11 Semi-tones
Tonic - Octave